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471 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
471 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
source: settings.py
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# Settings
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> Namespaces are one honking great idea - let's do more of those!
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>
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> — [The Zen of Python][cite]
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Configuration for REST framework is all namespaced inside a single Django setting, named `REST_FRAMEWORK`.
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For example your project's `settings.py` file might include something like this:
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REST_FRAMEWORK = {
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'DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES': (
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'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',
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),
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'DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES': (
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'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser',
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)
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}
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## Accessing settings
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If you need to access the values of REST framework's API settings in your project,
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you should use the `api_settings` object. For example.
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from rest_framework.settings import api_settings
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print api_settings.DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES
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The `api_settings` object will check for any user-defined settings, and otherwise fall back to the default values. Any setting that uses string import paths to refer to a class will automatically import and return the referenced class, instead of the string literal.
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---
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# API Reference
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## API policy settings
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*The following settings control the basic API policies, and are applied to every `APIView` class-based view, or `@api_view` function based view.*
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#### DEFAULT_RENDERER_CLASSES
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A list or tuple of renderer classes, that determines the default set of renderers that may be used when returning a `Response` object.
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Default:
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(
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'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer',
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'rest_framework.renderers.BrowsableAPIRenderer',
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)
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#### DEFAULT_PARSER_CLASSES
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A list or tuple of parser classes, that determines the default set of parsers used when accessing the `request.data` property.
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Default:
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(
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'rest_framework.parsers.JSONParser',
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'rest_framework.parsers.FormParser',
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'rest_framework.parsers.MultiPartParser'
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)
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#### DEFAULT_AUTHENTICATION_CLASSES
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A list or tuple of authentication classes, that determines the default set of authenticators used when accessing the `request.user` or `request.auth` properties.
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Default:
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(
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'rest_framework.authentication.SessionAuthentication',
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'rest_framework.authentication.BasicAuthentication'
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)
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#### DEFAULT_PERMISSION_CLASSES
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A list or tuple of permission classes, that determines the default set of permissions checked at the start of a view. Permission must be granted by every class in the list.
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Default:
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(
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'rest_framework.permissions.AllowAny',
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)
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#### DEFAULT_THROTTLE_CLASSES
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A list or tuple of throttle classes, that determines the default set of throttles checked at the start of a view.
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Default: `()`
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#### DEFAULT_CONTENT_NEGOTIATION_CLASS
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A content negotiation class, that determines how a renderer is selected for the response, given an incoming request.
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Default: `'rest_framework.negotiation.DefaultContentNegotiation'`
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---
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## Generic view settings
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*The following settings control the behavior of the generic class-based views.*
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#### DEFAULT_PAGINATION_SERIALIZER_CLASS
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---
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**This setting has been removed.**
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The pagination API does not use serializers to determine the output format, and
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you'll need to instead override the `get_paginated_response method on a
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pagination class in order to specify how the output format is controlled.
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---
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#### DEFAULT_FILTER_BACKENDS
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A list of filter backend classes that should be used for generic filtering.
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If set to `None` then generic filtering is disabled.
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#### PAGINATE_BY
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---
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**This setting has been removed.**
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See the pagination documentation for further guidance on [setting the pagination style](pagination.md#modifying-the-pagination-style).
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---
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#### PAGE_SIZE
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The default page size to use for pagination. If set to `None`, pagination is disabled by default.
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Default: `None`
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#### PAGINATE_BY_PARAM
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---
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**This setting has been removed.**
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See the pagination documentation for further guidance on [setting the pagination style](pagination.md#modifying-the-pagination-style).
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---
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#### MAX_PAGINATE_BY
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---
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**This setting is pending deprecation.**
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See the pagination documentation for further guidance on [setting the pagination style](pagination.md#modifying-the-pagination-style).
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---
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### SEARCH_PARAM
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The name of a query parameter, which can be used to specify the search term used by `SearchFilter`.
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Default: `search`
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#### ORDERING_PARAM
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The name of a query parameter, which can be used to specify the ordering of results returned by `OrderingFilter`.
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Default: `ordering`
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---
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## Versioning settings
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#### DEFAULT_VERSION
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The value that should be used for `request.version` when no versioning information is present.
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Default: `None`
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#### ALLOWED_VERSIONS
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If set, this value will restrict the set of versions that may be returned by the versioning scheme, and will raise an error if the provided version if not in this set.
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Default: `None`
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#### VERSION_PARAM
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The string that should used for any versioning parameters, such as in the media type or URL query parameters.
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Default: `'version'`
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---
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## Authentication settings
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*The following settings control the behavior of unauthenticated requests.*
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#### UNAUTHENTICATED_USER
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The class that should be used to initialize `request.user` for unauthenticated requests.
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Default: `django.contrib.auth.models.AnonymousUser`
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#### UNAUTHENTICATED_TOKEN
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The class that should be used to initialize `request.auth` for unauthenticated requests.
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Default: `None`
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---
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## Test settings
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*The following settings control the behavior of APIRequestFactory and APIClient*
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#### TEST_REQUEST_DEFAULT_FORMAT
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The default format that should be used when making test requests.
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This should match up with the format of one of the renderer classes in the `TEST_REQUEST_RENDERER_CLASSES` setting.
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Default: `'multipart'`
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#### TEST_REQUEST_RENDERER_CLASSES
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The renderer classes that are supported when building test requests.
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The format of any of these renderer classes may be used when constructing a test request, for example: `client.post('/users', {'username': 'jamie'}, format='json')`
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Default:
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(
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'rest_framework.renderers.MultiPartRenderer',
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'rest_framework.renderers.JSONRenderer'
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)
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---
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## Schema generation controls
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#### SCHEMA_COERCE_PATH_PK
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If set, this maps the `'pk'` identifier in the URL conf onto the actual field
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name when generating a schema path parameter. Typically this will be `'id'`.
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This gives a more suitable representation as "primary key" is an implementation
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detail, whereas "identifier" is a more general concept.
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Default: `True`
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#### SCHEMA_COERCE_METHOD_NAMES
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If set, this is used to map internal viewset method names onto external action
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names used in the schema generation. This allows us to generate names that
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are more suitable for an external representation than those that are used
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internally in the codebase.
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Default: `{'retrieve': 'read', 'destroy': 'delete'}`
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---
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## Content type controls
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#### URL_FORMAT_OVERRIDE
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The name of a URL parameter that may be used to override the default content negotiation `Accept` header behavior, by using a `format=…` query parameter in the request URL.
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For example: `http://example.com/organizations/?format=csv`
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If the value of this setting is `None` then URL format overrides will be disabled.
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Default: `'format'`
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#### FORMAT_SUFFIX_KWARG
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The name of a parameter in the URL conf that may be used to provide a format suffix. This setting is applied when using `format_suffix_patterns` to include suffixed URL patterns.
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For example: `http://example.com/organizations.csv/`
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Default: `'format'`
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---
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## Date and time formatting
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*The following settings are used to control how date and time representations may be parsed and rendered.*
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#### DATETIME_FORMAT
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A format string that should be used by default for rendering the output of `DateTimeField` serializer fields. If `None`, then `DateTimeField` serializer fields will return Python `datetime` objects, and the datetime encoding will be determined by the renderer.
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May be any of `None`, `'iso-8601'` or a Python [strftime format][strftime] string.
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Default: `'iso-8601'`
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#### DATETIME_INPUT_FORMATS
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A list of format strings that should be used by default for parsing inputs to `DateTimeField` serializer fields.
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May be a list including the string `'iso-8601'` or Python [strftime format][strftime] strings.
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Default: `['iso-8601']`
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#### DATE_FORMAT
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A format string that should be used by default for rendering the output of `DateField` serializer fields. If `None`, then `DateField` serializer fields will return Python `date` objects, and the date encoding will be determined by the renderer.
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May be any of `None`, `'iso-8601'` or a Python [strftime format][strftime] string.
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Default: `'iso-8601'`
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#### DATE_INPUT_FORMATS
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A list of format strings that should be used by default for parsing inputs to `DateField` serializer fields.
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May be a list including the string `'iso-8601'` or Python [strftime format][strftime] strings.
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Default: `['iso-8601']`
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#### TIME_FORMAT
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A format string that should be used by default for rendering the output of `TimeField` serializer fields. If `None`, then `TimeField` serializer fields will return Python `time` objects, and the time encoding will be determined by the renderer.
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May be any of `None`, `'iso-8601'` or a Python [strftime format][strftime] string.
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Default: `'iso-8601'`
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#### TIME_INPUT_FORMATS
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A list of format strings that should be used by default for parsing inputs to `TimeField` serializer fields.
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May be a list including the string `'iso-8601'` or Python [strftime format][strftime] strings.
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Default: `['iso-8601']`
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---
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## Encodings
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#### UNICODE_JSON
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When set to `True`, JSON responses will allow unicode characters in responses. For example:
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{"unicode black star":"★"}
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When set to `False`, JSON responses will escape non-ascii characters, like so:
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{"unicode black star":"\u2605"}
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Both styles conform to [RFC 4627][rfc4627], and are syntactically valid JSON. The unicode style is preferred as being more user-friendly when inspecting API responses.
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Default: `True`
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#### COMPACT_JSON
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When set to `True`, JSON responses will return compact representations, with no spacing after `':'` and `','` characters. For example:
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{"is_admin":false,"email":"jane@example"}
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When set to `False`, JSON responses will return slightly more verbose representations, like so:
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{"is_admin": false, "email": "jane@example"}
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The default style is to return minified responses, in line with [Heroku's API design guidelines][heroku-minified-json].
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Default: `True`
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#### STRICT_JSON
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When set to `True`, JSON rendering and parsing will only observe syntactically valid JSON, raising an exception for the extended float values (`nan`, `inf`, `-inf`) accepted by Python's `json` module. This is the recommended setting, as these values are not generally supported. e.g., neither Javascript's `JSON.Parse` nor PostgreSQL's JSON data type accept these values.
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When set to `False`, JSON rendering and parsing will be permissive. However, these values are still invalid and will need to be specially handled in your code.
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Default: `True`
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#### COERCE_DECIMAL_TO_STRING
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When returning decimal objects in API representations that do not support a native decimal type, it is normally best to return the value as a string. This avoids the loss of precision that occurs with binary floating point implementations.
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When set to `True`, the serializer `DecimalField` class will return strings instead of `Decimal` objects. When set to `False`, serializers will return `Decimal` objects, which the default JSON encoder will return as floats.
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Default: `True`
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---
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## View names and descriptions
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**The following settings are used to generate the view names and descriptions, as used in responses to `OPTIONS` requests, and as used in the browsable API.**
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#### VIEW_NAME_FUNCTION
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A string representing the function that should be used when generating view names.
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This should be a function with the following signature:
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view_name(cls, suffix=None)
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* `cls`: The view class. Typically the name function would inspect the name of the class when generating a descriptive name, by accessing `cls.__name__`.
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* `suffix`: The optional suffix used when differentiating individual views in a viewset.
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Default: `'rest_framework.views.get_view_name'`
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#### VIEW_DESCRIPTION_FUNCTION
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A string representing the function that should be used when generating view descriptions.
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This setting can be changed to support markup styles other than the default markdown. For example, you can use it to support `rst` markup in your view docstrings being output in the browsable API.
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This should be a function with the following signature:
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view_description(cls, html=False)
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* `cls`: The view class. Typically the description function would inspect the docstring of the class when generating a description, by accessing `cls.__doc__`
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* `html`: A boolean indicating if HTML output is required. `True` when used in the browsable API, and `False` when used in generating `OPTIONS` responses.
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Default: `'rest_framework.views.get_view_description'`
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## HTML Select Field cutoffs
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Global settings for [select field cutoffs for rendering relational fields](relations.md#select-field-cutoffs) in the browsable API.
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#### HTML_SELECT_CUTOFF
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Global setting for the `html_cutoff` value. Must be an integer.
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Default: 1000
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#### HTML_SELECT_CUTOFF_TEXT
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A string representing a global setting for `html_cutoff_text`.
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Default: `"More than {count} items..."`
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---
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## Miscellaneous settings
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#### EXCEPTION_HANDLER
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A string representing the function that should be used when returning a response for any given exception. If the function returns `None`, a 500 error will be raised.
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This setting can be changed to support error responses other than the default `{"detail": "Failure..."}` responses. For example, you can use it to provide API responses like `{"errors": [{"message": "Failure...", "code": ""} ...]}`.
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This should be a function with the following signature:
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exception_handler(exc, context)
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* `exc`: The exception.
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Default: `'rest_framework.views.exception_handler'`
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#### NON_FIELD_ERRORS_KEY
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A string representing the key that should be used for serializer errors that do not refer to a specific field, but are instead general errors.
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Default: `'non_field_errors'`
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#### URL_FIELD_NAME
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A string representing the key that should be used for the URL fields generated by `HyperlinkedModelSerializer`.
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Default: `'url'`
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#### NUM_PROXIES
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An integer of 0 or more, that may be used to specify the number of application proxies that the API runs behind. This allows throttling to more accurately identify client IP addresses. If set to `None` then less strict IP matching will be used by the throttle classes.
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Default: `None`
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[cite]: https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0020/
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[rfc4627]: http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc4627.txt
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[heroku-minified-json]: https://github.com/interagent/http-api-design#keep-json-minified-in-all-responses
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[strftime]: https://docs.python.org/3/library/time.html#time.strftime
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