python-dependency-injector/README.rst

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What is ``Dependency Injector``?
================================

``Dependency Injector`` is a dependency injection framework for Python.

It helps implementing the dependency injection principle.

Key features of the ``Dependency Injector``:

- **Providers**. Provides ``Factory``, ``Singleton``, ``Callable``, ``Coroutine``, ``Object``,
  ``List``, ``Configuration``, ``Dependency`` and ``Selector`` providers that help assembling your
  objects. See `Providers <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/providers/index.html>`_.
- **Overriding**. Can override any provider by another provider on the fly. This helps in testing
  and configuring dev / stage environment to replace API clients with stubs etc. See
  `Provider overriding <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/providers/overriding.html>`_.
- **Configuration**. Read configuration from ``yaml`` & ``ini`` files, environment variables
  and dictionaries.
  See `Configuration provider <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/providers/configuration.html>`_.
- **Containers**. Provides declarative and dynamic containers.
  See `Containers <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/containers/index.html>`_.
- **Wiring**. Injects container providers into functions and methods. Helps integrating with
  other frameworks: Django, Flask, Aiohttp, etc.
  See `Wiring <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/wiring.html>`_.
- **Typing**. Provides typing stubs, ``mypy``-friendly.
  See `Typing and mypy <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/providers/typing_mypy.html>`_.
- **Performance**. Fast. Written in ``Cython``.
- **Maturity**. Mature and production-ready. Well-tested, documented and supported.

.. code-block:: python

    from dependency_injector import containers, providers
    from dependency_injector.wiring import Provide


    class Container(containers.DeclarativeContainer):

        config = providers.Configuration()

        api_client = providers.Singleton(
            ApiClient,
            api_key=config.api_key,
            timeout=config.timeout.as_int(),
        )

        service = providers.Factory(
            Service,
            api_client=api_client,
        )


    def main(service: Service = Provide[Container.service]):
        ...


    if __name__ == '__main__':
        container = Container()

        container.config.api_key.from_env('API_KEY')
        container.config.timeout.from_env('TIMEOUT')

        container.wire(modules=[sys.modules[__name__]])

        main()

With the ``Dependency Injector`` you explicitly define and inject the dependencies.
This makes easier to understand and change how application works.

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Visit the docs to know more about the
`Dependency injection and inversion of control in Python <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/introduction/di_in_python.html>`_.

Installation
------------

The package is available on the `PyPi`_::

    pip install dependency-injector

Documentation
-------------

The documentation is available on the `Read The Docs <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/>`_

Examples
--------

Choose one of the following:

- `Application example (single container) <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/examples/application-single-container.html>`_
- `Application example (multiple containers) <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/examples/application-multiple-containers.html>`_
- `Decoupled packages example (multiple containers) <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/examples/decoupled-packages.html>`_

Tutorials
---------

Choose one of the following:

- `Flask web application tutorial <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/tutorials/flask.html>`_
- `Aiohttp REST API tutorial <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/tutorials/aiohttp.html>`_
- `Asyncio monitoring daemon tutorial <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/tutorials/asyncio-daemon.html>`_
- `CLI application tutorial <http://python-dependency-injector.ets-labs.org/tutorials/cli.html>`_

Concept
-------

The framework stands on the `PEP20 (The Zen of Python) <https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0020/>`_ principle:

.. code-block:: plain

   Explicit is better than implicit

You need to specify how to assemble and where to inject the dependencies explicitly.

The power of the framework is in a simplicity.
``Dependency Injector`` is a simple tool for the powerful concept.

Frequently asked questions
--------------------------

What is the dependency injection?
 - dependency injection is a principle that decreases coupling and increases cohesion

Why should I do the dependency injection?
 - your code becomes more flexible, testable and clear 😎

How do I start doing the dependency injection?
 - you start writing the code following the dependency injection principle
 - you register all of your application components and their dependencies in the container
 - when you need a component, you specify where to inject it or get it from the container

What price do I pay and what do I get?
 - you need to explicitly specify the dependencies
 - it will be extra work in the beginning
 - it will payoff as the project grows

Have a question?
 - Open a `Github Issue <https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector/issues>`_

Found a bug?
 - Open a `Github Issue <https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector/issues>`_

Want to help?
 - |star| Star the ``Dependency Injector`` on the `Github <https://github.com/ets-labs/python-dependency-injector/>`_
 - |new| Start a new project with the ``Dependency Injector``
 - |tell| Tell your friend about the ``Dependency Injector``

Want to contribute?
 - |fork| Fork the project
 - |pull| Open a pull request to the ``develop`` branch

.. _PyPi: https://pypi.org/project/dependency-injector/

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