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301 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
301 lines
15 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: EntityLinker
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teaser:
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Functionality to disambiguate a named entity in text to a unique knowledge
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base identifier.
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tag: class
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source: spacy/pipeline/pipes.pyx
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new: 2.2
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---
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This class is a subclass of `Pipe` and follows the same API. The pipeline
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component is available in the [processing pipeline](/usage/processing-pipelines)
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via the ID `"entity_linker"`.
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## EntityLinker.Model {#model tag="classmethod"}
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Initialize a model for the pipe. The model should implement the
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`thinc.neural.Model` API, and should contain a field `tok2vec` that contains the
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context encoder. Wrappers are under development for most major machine learning
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libraries.
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | ------ | ------------------------------------- |
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| `**kwargs` | - | Parameters for initializing the model |
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| **RETURNS** | object | The initialized model. |
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## EntityLinker.\_\_init\_\_ {#init tag="method"}
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Create a new pipeline instance. In your application, you would normally use a
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shortcut for this and instantiate the component using its string name and
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[`nlp.create_pipe`](/api/language#create_pipe).
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> # Construction via create_pipe
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> entity_linker = nlp.create_pipe("entity_linker")
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>
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> # Construction from class
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> from spacy.pipeline import EntityLinker
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> entity_linker.from_disk("/path/to/model")
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| -------------- | ----------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `vocab` | `Vocab` | The shared vocabulary. |
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| `model` | `thinc.neural.Model` / `True` | The model powering the pipeline component. If no model is supplied, the model is created when you call `begin_training`, `from_disk` or `from_bytes`. |
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| `hidden_width` | int | Width of the hidden layer of the entity linking model, defaults to `128`. |
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| `incl_prior` | bool | Whether or not to include prior probabilities in the model. Defaults to `True`. |
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| `incl_context` | bool | Whether or not to include the local context in the model (if not: only prior probabilities are used). Defaults to `True`. |
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| **RETURNS** | `EntityLinker` | The newly constructed object. |
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## EntityLinker.\_\_call\_\_ {#call tag="method"}
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Apply the pipe to one document. The document is modified in place, and returned.
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This usually happens under the hood when the `nlp` object is called on a text
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and all pipeline components are applied to the `Doc` in order. Both
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[`__call__`](/api/entitylinker#call) and [`pipe`](/api/entitylinker#pipe)
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delegate to the [`predict`](/api/entitylinker#predict) and
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[`set_annotations`](/api/entitylinker#set_annotations) methods.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> doc = nlp("This is a sentence.")
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> # This usually happens under the hood
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> processed = entity_linker(doc)
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | ----- | ------------------------ |
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| `doc` | `Doc` | The document to process. |
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| **RETURNS** | `Doc` | The processed document. |
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## EntityLinker.pipe {#pipe tag="method"}
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Apply the pipe to a stream of documents. This usually happens under the hood
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when the `nlp` object is called on a text and all pipeline components are
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applied to the `Doc` in order. Both [`__call__`](/api/entitylinker#call) and
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[`pipe`](/api/entitylinker#pipe) delegate to the
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[`predict`](/api/entitylinker#predict) and
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[`set_annotations`](/api/entitylinker#set_annotations) methods.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> for doc in entity_linker.pipe(docs, batch_size=50):
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> pass
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ------------ | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `stream` | iterable | A stream of documents. |
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| `batch_size` | int | The number of texts to buffer. Defaults to `128`. |
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| **YIELDS** | `Doc` | Processed documents in the order of the original text. |
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## EntityLinker.predict {#predict tag="method"}
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Apply the pipeline's model to a batch of docs, without modifying them.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> kb_ids, tensors = entity_linker.predict([doc1, doc2])
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | -------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `docs` | iterable | The documents to predict. |
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| **RETURNS** | tuple | A `(kb_ids, tensors)` tuple where `kb_ids` are the model's predicted KB identifiers for the entities in the `docs`, and `tensors` are the token representations used to predict these identifiers. |
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## EntityLinker.set_annotations {#set_annotations tag="method"}
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Modify a batch of documents, using pre-computed entity IDs for a list of named
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entities.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> kb_ids, tensors = entity_linker.predict([doc1, doc2])
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> entity_linker.set_annotations([doc1, doc2], kb_ids, tensors)
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| --------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `docs` | iterable | The documents to modify. |
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| `kb_ids` | iterable | The knowledge base identifiers for the entities in the docs, predicted by `EntityLinker.predict`. |
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| `tensors` | iterable | The token representations used to predict the identifiers. |
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## EntityLinker.update {#update tag="method"}
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Learn from a batch of documents and gold-standard information, updating both the
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pipe's entity linking model and context encoder. Delegates to
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[`predict`](/api/entitylinker#predict) and
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[`get_loss`](/api/entitylinker#get_loss).
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> losses = {}
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> optimizer = nlp.begin_training()
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> entity_linker.update([doc1, doc2], [gold1, gold2], losses=losses, sgd=optimizer)
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| -------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `docs` | iterable | A batch of documents to learn from. |
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| `golds` | iterable | The gold-standard data. Must have the same length as `docs`. |
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| `drop` | float | The dropout rate, used both for the EL model and the context encoder. |
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| `sgd` | callable | The optimizer for the EL model. Should take two arguments `weights` and `gradient`, and an optional ID. |
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| `losses` | dict | Optional record of the loss during training. The value keyed by the model's name is updated. |
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## EntityLinker.get_loss {#get_loss tag="method"}
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Find the loss and gradient of loss for the entities in a batch of documents and
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their predicted scores.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> kb_ids, tensors = entity_linker.predict(docs)
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> loss, d_loss = entity_linker.get_loss(docs, [gold1, gold2], kb_ids, tensors)
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | -------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `docs` | iterable | The batch of documents. |
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| `golds` | iterable | The gold-standard data. Must have the same length as `docs`. |
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| `kb_ids` | iterable | KB identifiers representing the model's predictions. |
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| `tensors` | iterable | The token representations used to predict the identifiers |
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| **RETURNS** | tuple | The loss and the gradient, i.e. `(loss, gradient)`. |
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## EntityLinker.set_kb {#set_kb tag="method"}
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Define the knowledge base (KB) used for disambiguating named entities to KB
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identifiers.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> entity_linker.set_kb(kb)
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ---- | --------------- | ------------------------------- |
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| `kb` | `KnowledgeBase` | The [`KnowledgeBase`](/api/kb). |
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## EntityLinker.begin_training {#begin_training tag="method"}
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Initialize the pipe for training, using data examples if available. If no model
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has been initialized yet, the model is added. Before calling this method, a
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knowledge base should have been defined with
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[`set_kb`](/api/entitylinker#set_kb).
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> entity_linker.set_kb(kb)
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> nlp.add_pipe(entity_linker, last=True)
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> optimizer = entity_linker.begin_training(pipeline=nlp.pipeline)
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ------------- | -------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `gold_tuples` | iterable | Optional gold-standard annotations from which to construct [`GoldParse`](/api/goldparse) objects. |
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| `pipeline` | list | Optional list of pipeline components that this component is part of. |
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| `sgd` | callable | An optional optimizer. Should take two arguments `weights` and `gradient`, and an optional ID. Will be created via [`EntityLinker`](/api/entitylinker#create_optimizer) if not set. |
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| **RETURNS** | callable | An optimizer. |
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## EntityLinker.create_optimizer {#create_optimizer tag="method"}
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Create an optimizer for the pipeline component.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> optimizer = entity_linker.create_optimizer()
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | -------- | -------------- |
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| **RETURNS** | callable | The optimizer. |
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## EntityLinker.use_params {#use_params tag="method, contextmanager"}
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Modify the pipe's EL model, to use the given parameter values.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> with entity_linker.use_params(optimizer.averages):
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> entity_linker.to_disk("/best_model")
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| -------- | ---- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `params` | dict | The parameter values to use in the model. At the end of the context, the original parameters are restored. |
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## EntityLinker.to_disk {#to_disk tag="method"}
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Serialize the pipe to disk.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> entity_linker.to_disk("/path/to/entity_linker")
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| --------- | ---------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `path` | unicode / `Path` | A path to a directory, which will be created if it doesn't exist. Paths may be either strings or `Path`-like objects. |
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| `exclude` | list | String names of [serialization fields](#serialization-fields) to exclude. |
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## EntityLinker.from_disk {#from_disk tag="method"}
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Load the pipe from disk. Modifies the object in place and returns it.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> entity_linker = EntityLinker(nlp.vocab)
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> entity_linker.from_disk("/path/to/entity_linker")
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> ```
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | ---------------- | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `path` | unicode / `Path` | A path to a directory. Paths may be either strings or `Path`-like objects. |
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| `exclude` | list | String names of [serialization fields](#serialization-fields) to exclude. |
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| **RETURNS** | `EntityLinker` | The modified `EntityLinker` object. |
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## Serialization fields {#serialization-fields}
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During serialization, spaCy will export several data fields used to restore
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different aspects of the object. If needed, you can exclude them from
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serialization by passing in the string names via the `exclude` argument.
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> data = entity_linker.to_disk("/path", exclude=["vocab"])
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> ```
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| Name | Description |
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| ------- | -------------------------------------------------------------- |
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| `vocab` | The shared [`Vocab`](/api/vocab). |
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| `cfg` | The config file. You usually don't want to exclude this. |
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| `model` | The binary model data. You usually don't want to exclude this. |
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| `kb` | The knowledge base. You usually don't want to exclude this. |
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