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120 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
120 lines
4.5 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: Pipeline Functions
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teaser: Other built-in pipeline components and helpers
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source: spacy/pipeline/functions.py
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menu:
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- ['merge_noun_chunks', 'merge_noun_chunks']
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- ['merge_entities', 'merge_entities']
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- ['merge_subtokens', 'merge_subtokens']
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---
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## merge_noun_chunks {#merge_noun_chunks tag="function"}
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Merge noun chunks into a single token. Also available via the string name
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`"merge_noun_chunks"`. After initialization, the component is typically added to
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the processing pipeline using [`nlp.add_pipe`](/api/language#add_pipe).
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> texts = [t.text for t in nlp("I have a blue car")]
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> assert texts == ["I", "have", "a", "blue", "car"]
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>
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> merge_nps = nlp.create_pipe("merge_noun_chunks")
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> nlp.add_pipe(merge_nps)
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>
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> texts = [t.text for t in nlp("I have a blue car")]
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> assert texts == ["I", "have", "a blue car"]
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> ```
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<Infobox variant="warning">
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Since noun chunks require part-of-speech tags and the dependency parse, make
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sure to add this component _after_ the `"tagger"` and `"parser"` components. By
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default, `nlp.add_pipe` will add components to the end of the pipeline and after
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all other components.
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</Infobox>
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | ----- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `doc` | `Doc` | The `Doc` object to process, e.g. the `Doc` in the pipeline. |
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| **RETURNS** | `Doc` | The modified `Doc` with merged noun chunks. |
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## merge_entities {#merge_entities tag="function"}
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Merge named entities into a single token. Also available via the string name
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`"merge_entities"`. After initialization, the component is typically added to
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the processing pipeline using [`nlp.add_pipe`](/api/language#add_pipe).
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> #### Example
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>
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> ```python
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> texts = [t.text for t in nlp("I like David Bowie")]
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> assert texts == ["I", "like", "David", "Bowie"]
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>
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> merge_ents = nlp.create_pipe("merge_entities")
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> nlp.add_pipe(merge_ents)
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>
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> texts = [t.text for t in nlp("I like David Bowie")]
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> assert texts == ["I", "like", "David Bowie"]
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> ```
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<Infobox variant="warning">
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Since named entities are set by the entity recognizer, make sure to add this
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component _after_ the `"ner"` component. By default, `nlp.add_pipe` will add
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components to the end of the pipeline and after all other components.
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</Infobox>
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | ----- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `doc` | `Doc` | The `Doc` object to process, e.g. the `Doc` in the pipeline. |
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| **RETURNS** | `Doc` | The modified `Doc` with merged entities. |
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## merge_subtokens {#merge_subtokens tag="function" new="2.1"}
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Merge subtokens into a single token. Also available via the string name
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`"merge_subtokens"`. After initialization, the component is typically added to
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the processing pipeline using [`nlp.add_pipe`](/api/language#add_pipe).
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As of v2.1, the parser is able to predict "subtokens" that should be merged into
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one single token later on. This is especially relevant for languages like
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Chinese, Japanese or Korean, where a "word" isn't defined as a
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whitespace-delimited sequence of characters. Under the hood, this component uses
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the [`Matcher`](/api/matcher) to find sequences of tokens with the dependency
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label `"subtok"` and then merges them into a single token.
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> #### Example
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>
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> Note that this example assumes a custom Chinese model that oversegments and
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> was trained to predict subtokens.
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>
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> ```python
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> doc = nlp("拜托")
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> print([(token.text, token.dep_) for token in doc])
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> # [('拜', 'subtok'), ('托', 'subtok')]
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>
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> merge_subtok = nlp.create_pipe("merge_subtokens")
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> nlp.add_pipe(merge_subtok)
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>
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> doc = nlp("拜托")
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> print([token.text for token in doc])
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> # ['拜托']
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> ```
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<Infobox variant="warning">
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Since subtokens are set by the parser, make sure to add this component _after_
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the `"parser"` component. By default, `nlp.add_pipe` will add components to the
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end of the pipeline and after all other components.
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</Infobox>
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| Name | Type | Description |
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| ----------- | ----- | ------------------------------------------------------------ |
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| `doc` | `Doc` | The `Doc` object to process, e.g. the `Doc` in the pipeline. |
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| `label` | str | The subtoken dependency label. Defaults to `"subtok"`. |
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| **RETURNS** | `Doc` | The modified `Doc` with merged subtokens. |
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