spaCy/website/docs/api/cli.md

title	teaser	source	menu
Command Line Interface	Download, train and package pipelines, and debug spaCy	spacy/cli	download download info info validate validate init init convert convert debug debug train train pretrain pretrain evaluate evaluate package package project project ray ray

spaCy's CLI provides a range of helpful commands for downloading and training pipelines, converting data and debugging your config, data and installation. For a list of available commands, you can type python -m spacy --help. You can also add the --help flag to any command or subcommand to see the description, available arguments and usage.

download

Download trained pipelines for spaCy. The downloader finds the best-matching compatible version and uses pip install to download the Python package. Direct downloads don't perform any compatibility checks and require the pipeline name to be specified with its version (e.g. en_core_web_sm-2.2.0).

Downloading best practices

The download command is mostly intended as a convenient, interactive wrapper – it performs compatibility checks and prints detailed messages in case things go wrong. It's not recommended to use this command as part of an automated process. If you know which package your project needs, you should consider a direct download via pip, or uploading the package to a local PyPi installation and fetching it straight from there. This will also allow you to add it as a versioned package dependency to your project.

$ python -m spacy download [model] [--direct] [pip_args]

Name	Description
model	Pipeline package name, e.g. en_core_web_sm. str (positional)
--direct, -d	Force direct download of exact package version. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
pip args 2.1	Additional installation options to be passed to pip install when installing the pipeline package. For example, --user to install to the user home directory or --no-deps to not install package dependencies. Any (option/flag)
CREATES	The installed pipeline package in your site-packages directory.

info

Print information about your spaCy installation, trained pipelines and local setup, and generate Markdown-formatted markup to copy-paste into GitHub issues.

$ python -m spacy info [--markdown] [--silent]

$ python -m spacy info [model] [--markdown] [--silent]

Name	Description
model	A trained pipeline, i.e. package name or path (optional). Optional[str] (positional)
--markdown, -md	Print information as Markdown. bool (flag)
--silent, -s 2.0.12	Don't print anything, just return the values. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
PRINTS	Information about your spaCy installation.

validate

Find all trained pipeline packages installed in the current environment and check whether they are compatible with the currently installed version of spaCy. Should be run after upgrading spaCy via pip install -U spacy to ensure that all installed packages can be used with the new version. It will show a list of packages and their installed versions. If any package is out of date, the latest compatible versions and command for updating are shown.

Automated validation

You can also use the validate command as part of your build process or test suite, to ensure all packages are up to date before proceeding. If incompatible packages are found, it will return 1.

$ python -m spacy validate

Name	Description
PRINTS	Details about the compatibility of your installed pipeline packages.

init

The spacy init CLI includes helpful commands for initializing training config files and pipeline directories.

init config

Initialize and save a config.cfg file using the recommended settings for your use case. It works just like the quickstart widget, only that it also auto-fills all default values and exports a training-ready config. The settings you specify will impact the suggested model architectures and pipeline setup, as well as the hyperparameters. You can also adjust and customize those settings in your config file later.

Example

$ python -m spacy init config config.cfg --lang en --pipeline ner,textcat --optimize accuracy

$ python -m spacy init config [output_file] [--lang] [--pipeline] [--optimize] [--cpu] [--pretraining]

Name	Description
output_file	Path to output .cfg file or - to write the config to stdout (so you can pipe it forward to a file). Note that if you're writing to stdout, no additional logging info is printed. Path (positional)
--lang, -l	Optional code of the language to use. Defaults to "en". str (option)
--pipeline, -p	Comma-separated list of trainable pipeline components to include. Defaults to "tagger,parser,ner". str (option)
--optimize, -o	"efficiency" or "accuracy". Whether to optimize for efficiency (faster inference, smaller model, lower memory consumption) or higher accuracy (potentially larger and slower model). This will impact the choice of architecture, pretrained weights and related hyperparameters. Defaults to "efficiency". str (option)
--cpu, -C	Whether the model needs to run on CPU. This will impact the choice of architecture, pretrained weights and related hyperparameters. bool (flag)
--pretraining, -pt	Include config for pretraining (with spacy pretrain). Defaults to False. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
CREATES	The config file for training.

init fill-config

Auto-fill a partial config.cfg file file with all default values, e.g. a config generated with the quickstart widget. Config files used for training should always be complete and not contain any hidden defaults or missing values, so this command helps you create your final training config. In order to find the available settings and defaults, all functions referenced in the config will be created, and their signatures are used to find the defaults. If your config contains a problem that can't be resolved automatically, spaCy will show you a validation error with more details.

Example

$ python -m spacy init fill-config base.cfg config.cfg --diff

Example diff

$ python -m spacy init fill-config [base_path] [output_file] [--diff]

Name	Description
base_path	Path to base config to fill, e.g. generated by the quickstart widget. Path (positional)
output_file	Path to output .cfg file. If not set, the config is written to stdout so you can pipe it forward to a file. Path (positional)
--pretraining, -pt	Include config for pretraining (with spacy pretrain). Defaults to False. bool (flag)
--diff, -D	Print a visual diff highlighting the changes. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
CREATES	Complete and auto-filled config file for training.

init vectors

Convert word vectors for use with spaCy. Will export an nlp object that you can use in the [initialize] block of your config to initialize a model with vectors. See the usage guide on static vectors for details on how to use vectors in your model.

This functionality was previously available as part of the command init-model.

$ python -m spacy init vectors [lang] [vectors_loc] [output_dir] [--prune] [--truncate] [--name] [--verbose]

Name	Description
lang	Pipeline language ISO code, e.g. en. str (positional)
vectors_loc	Location of vectors. Should be a file where the first row contains the dimensions of the vectors, followed by a space-separated Word2Vec table. File can be provided in .txt format or as a zipped text file in .zip or .tar.gz format. Path (positional)
output_dir	Pipeline output directory. Will be created if it doesn't exist. Path (positional)
--truncate, -t	Number of vectors to truncate to when reading in vectors file. Defaults to 0 for no truncation. int (option)
--prune, -p	Number of vectors to prune the vocabulary to. Defaults to -1 for no pruning. int (option)
--name, -n	Name to assign to the word vectors in the meta.json, e.g. en_core_web_md.vectors. Optional[str] (option)
--verbose, -V	Print additional information and explanations. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
CREATES	A spaCy pipeline directory containing the vocab and vectors.

init labels

Generate JSON files for the labels in the data. This helps speed up the training process, since spaCy won't have to preprocess the data to extract the labels. After generating the labels, you can provide them to components that accept a labels argument on initialization via the [initialize] block of your config.

Example config

[initialize.components.ner]

[initialize.components.ner.labels]
@readers = "spacy.read_labels.v1"
path = "corpus/labels/ner.json

$ python -m spacy init labels [config_path] [output_path] [--code] [--verbose] [--gpu-id] [overrides]

Name	Description
config_path	Path to training config file containing all settings and hyperparameters. Path (positional)
output_path	Output directory for the label files. Will create one JSON file per component. Path (positional)
--code, -c	Path to Python file with additional code to be imported. Allows registering custom functions for new architectures. Optional[Path] (option)
--verbose, -V	Show more detailed messages during training. bool (flag)
--gpu-id, -g	GPU ID or -1 for CPU. Defaults to -1. int (option)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
overrides	Config parameters to override. Should be options starting with -- that correspond to the config section and value to override, e.g. --paths.train ./train.spacy. Any (option/flag)
CREATES	The best trained pipeline and the final checkpoint (if training is terminated).

convert

Convert files into spaCy's binary training data format, a serialized DocBin, for use with the train command and other experiment management functions. The converter can be specified on the command line, or chosen based on the file extension of the input file.

$ python -m spacy convert [input_file] [output_dir] [--converter] [--file-type] [--n-sents] [--seg-sents] [--base] [--morphology] [--merge-subtokens] [--ner-map] [--lang]

Name	Description
input_file	Input file. Path (positional)
output_dir	Output directory for converted file. Defaults to "-", meaning data will be written to stdout. Optional[Path] (positional)
--converter, -c 2	Name of converter to use (see below). str (option)
--file-type, -t 2.1	Type of file to create. Either spacy (default) for binary DocBin data or json for v2.x JSON format. str (option)
--n-sents, -n	Number of sentences per document. int (option)
--seg-sents, -s 2.2	Segment sentences (for --converter ner). bool (flag)
--base, -b	Trained spaCy pipeline for sentence segmentation to use as base (for --seg-sents). Optionalstr
--morphology, -m	Enable appending morphology to tags. bool (flag)
--ner-map, -nm	NER tag mapping (as JSON-encoded dict of entity types). OptionalPath
--lang, -l 2.1	Language code (if tokenizer required). Optional[str] (option)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
CREATES	Binary DocBin training data that can be used with spacy train.

Converters

ID	Description
auto	Automatically pick converter based on file extension and file content (default).
json	JSON-formatted training data used in spaCy v2.x.
conll	Universal Dependencies .conllu or .conll format.
ner	NER with IOB/IOB2 tags, one token per line with columns separated by whitespace. The first column is the token and the final column is the IOB tag. Sentences are separated by blank lines and documents are separated by the line -DOCSTART- -X- O O. Supports CoNLL 2003 NER format. See sample data.
iob	NER with IOB/IOB2 tags, one sentence per line with tokens separated by whitespace and annotation separated by `

debug

The spacy debug CLI includes helpful commands for debugging and profiling your configs, data and implementations.

debug config

Debug a config.cfg file and show validation errors. The command will create all objects in the tree and validate them. Note that some config validation errors are blocking and will prevent the rest of the config from being resolved. This means that you may not see all validation errors at once and some issues are only shown once previous errors have been fixed. To auto-fill a partial config and save the result, you can use the init fill-config command.

$ python -m spacy debug config [config_path] [--code] [--show-functions] [--show-variables] [overrides]

Example

$ python -m spacy debug config config.cfg

✘ Config validation error

training -> dropout     field required
training -> optimizer   field required
training -> optimize    extra fields not permitted

{'vectors': 'en_vectors_web_lg', 'seed': 0, 'accumulate_gradient': 1, 'init_tok2vec': None, 'raw_text': None, 'patience': 1600, 'max_epochs': 0, 'max_steps': 20000, 'eval_frequency': 200, 'frozen_components': [], 'optimize': None, 'batcher': {'@batchers': 'spacy.batch_by_words.v1', 'discard_oversize': False, 'tolerance': 0.2, 'get_length': None, 'size': {'@schedules': 'compounding.v1', 'start': 100, 'stop': 1000, 'compound': 1.001, 't': 0.0}}, 'corpus': {'train': {'@readers': 'spacy.Corpus.v1', 'path': '', 'max_length': 0, 'gold_preproc': False, 'limit': 0}, 'dev': {'@readers': 'spacy.Corpus.v1', 'path': '', 'max_length': 0, 'gold_preproc': False, 'limit': 0}} 'score_weights': {'tag_acc': 0.5, 'dep_uas': 0.25, 'dep_las': 0.25, 'sents_f': 0.0}}

If your config contains missing values, you can run the 'init fill-config'
command to fill in all the defaults, if possible:

python -m spacy init fill-config tmp/starter-config_invalid.cfg --base tmp/starter-config_invalid.cfg

$ python -m spacy debug config ./config.cfg --show-functions --show-variables

============================= Config validation =============================
✔ Config is valid

=============================== Variables (6) ===============================

Variable                                   Value
-----------------------------------------  ----------------------------------
${components.tok2vec.model.encode.width}   96
${paths.dev}                               'hello'
${paths.init_tok2vec}                      None
${paths.raw}                               None
${paths.train}                             ''
${system.seed}                             0


========================= Registered functions (17) =========================
ℹ [nlp.tokenizer]
Registry   @tokenizers
Name       spacy.Tokenizer.v1
Module     spacy.language
File       /path/to/spacy/language.py (line 64)
ℹ [components.ner.model]
Registry   @architectures
Name       spacy.TransitionBasedParser.v1
Module     spacy.ml.models.parser
File       /path/to/spacy/ml/models/parser.py (line 11)
ℹ [components.ner.model.tok2vec]
Registry   @architectures
Name       spacy.Tok2VecListener.v1
Module     spacy.ml.models.tok2vec
File       /path/to/spacy/ml/models/tok2vec.py (line 16)
ℹ [components.parser.model]
Registry   @architectures
Name       spacy.TransitionBasedParser.v1
Module     spacy.ml.models.parser
File       /path/to/spacy/ml/models/parser.py (line 11)
ℹ [components.parser.model.tok2vec]
Registry   @architectures
Name       spacy.Tok2VecListener.v1
Module     spacy.ml.models.tok2vec
File       /path/to/spacy/ml/models/tok2vec.py (line 16)
ℹ [components.tagger.model]
Registry   @architectures
Name       spacy.Tagger.v1
Module     spacy.ml.models.tagger
File       /path/to/spacy/ml/models/tagger.py (line 9)
ℹ [components.tagger.model.tok2vec]
Registry   @architectures
Name       spacy.Tok2VecListener.v1
Module     spacy.ml.models.tok2vec
File       /path/to/spacy/ml/models/tok2vec.py (line 16)
ℹ [components.tok2vec.model]
Registry   @architectures
Name       spacy.Tok2Vec.v1
Module     spacy.ml.models.tok2vec
File       /path/to/spacy/ml/models/tok2vec.py (line 72)
ℹ [components.tok2vec.model.embed]
Registry   @architectures
Name       spacy.MultiHashEmbed.v1
Module     spacy.ml.models.tok2vec
File       /path/to/spacy/ml/models/tok2vec.py (line 93)
ℹ [components.tok2vec.model.encode]
Registry   @architectures
Name       spacy.MaxoutWindowEncoder.v1
Module     spacy.ml.models.tok2vec
File       /path/to/spacy/ml/models/tok2vec.py (line 207)
ℹ [corpora.dev]
Registry   @readers
Name       spacy.Corpus.v1
Module     spacy.training.corpus
File       /path/to/spacy/training/corpus.py (line 18)
ℹ [corpora.train]
Registry   @readers
Name       spacy.Corpus.v1
Module     spacy.training.corpus
File       /path/to/spacy/training/corpus.py (line 18)
ℹ [training.logger]
Registry   @loggers
Name       spacy.ConsoleLogger.v1
Module     spacy.training.loggers
File       /path/to/spacy/training/loggers.py (line 8)
ℹ [training.batcher]
Registry   @batchers
Name       spacy.batch_by_words.v1
Module     spacy.training.batchers
File       /path/to/spacy/training/batchers.py (line 49)
ℹ [training.batcher.size]
Registry   @schedules
Name       compounding.v1
Module     thinc.schedules
File       /path/to/thinc/thinc/schedules.py (line 43)
ℹ [training.optimizer]
Registry   @optimizers
Name       Adam.v1
Module     thinc.optimizers
File       /path/to/thinc/thinc/optimizers.py (line 58)
ℹ [training.optimizer.learn_rate]
Registry   @schedules
Name       warmup_linear.v1
Module     thinc.schedules
File       /path/to/thinc/thinc/schedules.py (line 91)

Name	Description
config_path	Path to training config file containing all settings and hyperparameters. Path (positional)
--code, -c	Path to Python file with additional code to be imported. Allows registering custom functions for new architectures. Optional[Path] (option)
--show-functions, -F	Show an overview of all registered function blocks used in the config and where those functions come from, including the module name, Python file and line number. bool (flag)
--show-variables, -V	Show an overview of all variables referenced in the config, e.g. ${paths.train} and their values that will be used. This also reflects any config overrides provided on the CLI, e.g. --paths.train /path. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
overrides	Config parameters to override. Should be options starting with -- that correspond to the config section and value to override, e.g. --paths.train ./train.spacy. Any (option/flag)
PRINTS	Config validation errors, if available.

debug data

Analyze, debug and validate your training and development data. Get useful stats, and find problems like invalid entity annotations, cyclic dependencies, low data labels and more.

The debug data command is now available as a subcommand of spacy debug. It takes the same arguments as train and reads settings off the config.cfg file and optional overrides on the CLI.

$ python -m spacy debug data [config_path] [--code] [--ignore-warnings] [--verbose] [--no-format] [overrides]

Example

$ python -m spacy debug data ./config.cfg

=========================== Data format validation ===========================
✔ Corpus is loadable
✔ Pipeline can be initialized with data

=============================== Training stats ===============================
Training pipeline: tagger, parser, ner
Starting with blank model 'en'
18127 training docs
2939 evaluation docs
⚠ 34 training examples also in evaluation data

============================== Vocab & Vectors ==============================
ℹ 2083156 total words in the data (56962 unique)
⚠ 13020 misaligned tokens in the training data
⚠ 2423 misaligned tokens in the dev data
10 most common words: 'the' (98429), ',' (91756), '.' (87073), 'to' (50058),
'of' (49559), 'and' (44416), 'a' (34010), 'in' (31424), 'that' (22792), 'is'
(18952)
ℹ No word vectors present in the model

========================== Named Entity Recognition ==========================
ℹ 18 new labels, 0 existing labels
528978 missing values (tokens with '-' label)
New: 'ORG' (23860), 'PERSON' (21395), 'GPE' (21193), 'DATE' (18080), 'CARDINAL'
(10490), 'NORP' (9033), 'MONEY' (5164), 'PERCENT' (3761), 'ORDINAL' (2122),
'LOC' (2113), 'TIME' (1616), 'WORK_OF_ART' (1229), 'QUANTITY' (1150), 'FAC'
(1134), 'EVENT' (974), 'PRODUCT' (935), 'LAW' (444), 'LANGUAGE' (338)
✔ Good amount of examples for all labels
✔ Examples without occurences available for all labels
✔ No entities consisting of or starting/ending with whitespace

=========================== Part-of-speech Tagging ===========================
ℹ 49 labels in data
'NN' (266331), 'IN' (227365), 'DT' (185600), 'NNP' (164404), 'JJ' (119830),
'NNS' (110957), '.' (101482), ',' (92476), 'RB' (90090), 'PRP' (90081), 'VB'
(74538), 'VBD' (68199), 'CC' (62862), 'VBZ' (50712), 'VBP' (43420), 'VBN'
(42193), 'CD' (40326), 'VBG' (34764), 'TO' (31085), 'MD' (25863), 'PRP$'
(23335), 'HYPH' (13833), 'POS' (13427), 'UH' (13322), 'WP' (10423), 'WDT'
(9850), 'RP' (8230), 'WRB' (8201), ':' (8168), '''' (7392), '``' (6984), 'NNPS'
(5817), 'JJR' (5689), '$' (3710), 'EX' (3465), 'JJS' (3118), 'RBR' (2872),
'-RRB-' (2825), '-LRB-' (2788), 'PDT' (2078), 'XX' (1316), 'RBS' (1142), 'FW'
(794), 'NFP' (557), 'SYM' (440), 'WP$' (294), 'LS' (293), 'ADD' (191), 'AFX'
(24)

============================= Dependency Parsing =============================
ℹ Found 111703 sentences with an average length of 18.6 words.
ℹ Found 2251 nonprojective train sentences
ℹ Found 303 nonprojective dev sentences
ℹ 47 labels in train data
ℹ 211 labels in projectivized train data
'punct' (236796), 'prep' (188853), 'pobj' (182533), 'det' (172674), 'nsubj'
(169481), 'compound' (116142), 'ROOT' (111697), 'amod' (107945), 'dobj' (93540),
'aux' (86802), 'advmod' (86197), 'cc' (62679), 'conj' (59575), 'poss' (36449),
'ccomp' (36343), 'advcl' (29017), 'mark' (27990), 'nummod' (24582), 'relcl'
(21359), 'xcomp' (21081), 'attr' (18347), 'npadvmod' (17740), 'acomp' (17204),
'auxpass' (15639), 'appos' (15368), 'neg' (15266), 'nsubjpass' (13922), 'case'
(13408), 'acl' (12574), 'pcomp' (10340), 'nmod' (9736), 'intj' (9285), 'prt'
(8196), 'quantmod' (7403), 'dep' (4300), 'dative' (4091), 'agent' (3908), 'expl'
(3456), 'parataxis' (3099), 'oprd' (2326), 'predet' (1946), 'csubj' (1494),
'subtok' (1147), 'preconj' (692), 'meta' (469), 'csubjpass' (64), 'iobj' (1)
⚠ Low number of examples for label 'iobj' (1)
⚠ Low number of examples for 130 labels in the projectivized dependency
trees used for training. You may want to projectivize labels such as punct
before training in order to improve parser performance.
⚠ Projectivized labels with low numbers of examples: appos||attr: 12
advmod||dobj: 13 prep||ccomp: 12 nsubjpass||ccomp: 15 pcomp||prep: 14
amod||dobj: 9 attr||xcomp: 14 nmod||nsubj: 17 prep||advcl: 2 prep||prep: 5
nsubj||conj: 12 advcl||advmod: 18 ccomp||advmod: 11 ccomp||pcomp: 5 acl||pobj:
10 npadvmod||acomp: 7 dobj||pcomp: 14 nsubjpass||pcomp: 1 nmod||pobj: 8
amod||attr: 6 nmod||dobj: 12 aux||conj: 1 neg||conj: 1 dative||xcomp: 11
pobj||dative: 3 xcomp||acomp: 19 advcl||pobj: 2 nsubj||advcl: 2 csubj||ccomp: 1
advcl||acl: 1 relcl||nmod: 2 dobj||advcl: 10 advmod||advcl: 3 nmod||nsubjpass: 6
amod||pobj: 5 cc||neg: 1 attr||ccomp: 16 advcl||xcomp: 3 nmod||attr: 4
advcl||nsubjpass: 5 advcl||ccomp: 4 ccomp||conj: 1 punct||acl: 1 meta||acl: 1
parataxis||acl: 1 prep||acl: 1 amod||nsubj: 7 ccomp||ccomp: 3 acomp||xcomp: 5
dobj||acl: 5 prep||oprd: 6 advmod||acl: 2 dative||advcl: 1 pobj||agent: 5
xcomp||amod: 1 dep||advcl: 1 prep||amod: 8 relcl||compound: 1 advcl||csubj: 3
npadvmod||conj: 2 npadvmod||xcomp: 4 advmod||nsubj: 3 ccomp||amod: 7
advcl||conj: 1 nmod||conj: 2 advmod||nsubjpass: 2 dep||xcomp: 2 appos||ccomp: 1
advmod||dep: 1 advmod||advmod: 5 aux||xcomp: 8 dep||advmod: 1 dative||ccomp: 2
prep||dep: 1 conj||conj: 1 dep||ccomp: 4 cc||ROOT: 1 prep||ROOT: 1 nsubj||pcomp:
3 advmod||prep: 2 relcl||dative: 1 acl||conj: 1 advcl||attr: 4 prep||npadvmod: 1
nsubjpass||xcomp: 1 neg||advmod: 1 xcomp||oprd: 1 advcl||advcl: 1 dobj||dep: 3
nsubjpass||parataxis: 1 attr||pcomp: 1 ccomp||parataxis: 1 advmod||attr: 1
nmod||oprd: 1 appos||nmod: 2 advmod||relcl: 1 appos||npadvmod: 1 appos||conj: 1
prep||expl: 1 nsubjpass||conj: 1 punct||pobj: 1 cc||pobj: 1 conj||pobj: 1
punct||conj: 1 ccomp||dep: 1 oprd||xcomp: 3 ccomp||xcomp: 1 ccomp||nsubj: 1
nmod||dep: 1 xcomp||ccomp: 1 acomp||advcl: 1 intj||advmod: 1 advmod||acomp: 2
relcl||oprd: 1 advmod||prt: 1 advmod||pobj: 1 appos||nummod: 1 relcl||npadvmod:
3 mark||advcl: 1 aux||ccomp: 1 amod||nsubjpass: 1 npadvmod||advmod: 1 conj||dep:
1 nummod||pobj: 1 amod||npadvmod: 1 intj||pobj: 1 nummod||npadvmod: 1
xcomp||xcomp: 1 aux||dep: 1 advcl||relcl: 1
⚠ The following labels were found only in the train data: xcomp||amod,
advcl||relcl, prep||nsubjpass, acl||nsubj, nsubjpass||conj, xcomp||oprd,
advmod||conj, advmod||advmod, iobj, advmod||nsubjpass, dobj||conj, ccomp||amod,
meta||acl, xcomp||xcomp, prep||attr, prep||ccomp, advcl||acomp, acl||dobj,
advcl||advcl, pobj||agent, prep||advcl, nsubjpass||xcomp, prep||dep,
acomp||xcomp, aux||ccomp, ccomp||dep, conj||dep, relcl||compound,
nsubjpass||ccomp, nmod||dobj, advmod||advcl, advmod||acl, dobj||advcl,
dative||xcomp, prep||nsubj, ccomp||ccomp, nsubj||ccomp, xcomp||acomp,
prep||acomp, dep||advmod, acl||pobj, appos||dobj, npadvmod||acomp, cc||ROOT,
relcl||nsubj, nmod||pobj, acl||nsubjpass, ccomp||advmod, pcomp||prep,
amod||dobj, advmod||attr, advcl||csubj, appos||attr, dobj||pcomp, prep||ROOT,
relcl||pobj, advmod||pobj, amod||nsubj, ccomp||xcomp, prep||oprd,
npadvmod||advmod, appos||nummod, advcl||pobj, neg||advmod, acl||attr,
appos||nsubjpass, csubj||ccomp, amod||nsubjpass, intj||pobj, dep||advcl,
cc||neg, xcomp||ccomp, dative||ccomp, nmod||oprd, pobj||dative, prep||dobj,
dep||ccomp, relcl||attr, ccomp||nsubj, advcl||xcomp, nmod||dep, advcl||advmod,
ccomp||conj, pobj||prep, advmod||acomp, advmod||relcl, attr||pcomp,
ccomp||parataxis, oprd||xcomp, intj||advmod, nmod||nsubjpass, prep||npadvmod,
parataxis||acl, prep||pobj, advcl||dobj, amod||pobj, prep||acl, conj||pobj,
advmod||dep, punct||pobj, ccomp||acomp, acomp||advcl, nummod||npadvmod,
dobj||dep, npadvmod||xcomp, advcl||conj, relcl||npadvmod, punct||acl,
relcl||dobj, dobj||xcomp, nsubjpass||parataxis, dative||advcl, relcl||nmod,
advcl||ccomp, appos||npadvmod, ccomp||pcomp, prep||amod, mark||advcl,
prep||advmod, prep||xcomp, appos||nsubj, attr||ccomp, advmod||prt, dobj||ccomp,
aux||conj, advcl||nsubj, conj||conj, advmod||ccomp, advcl||nsubjpass,
attr||xcomp, nmod||conj, npadvmod||conj, relcl||dative, prep||expl,
nsubjpass||pcomp, advmod||xcomp, advmod||dobj, appos||pobj, nsubj||conj,
relcl||nsubjpass, advcl||attr, appos||ccomp, advmod||prep, prep||conj,
nmod||attr, punct||conj, neg||conj, dep||xcomp, aux||xcomp, dobj||acl,
nummod||pobj, amod||npadvmod, nsubj||pcomp, advcl||acl, appos||nmod,
relcl||oprd, prep||prep, cc||pobj, nmod||nsubj, amod||attr, aux||dep,
appos||conj, advmod||nsubj, nsubj||advcl, acl||conj
To train a parser, your data should include at least 20 instances of each label.
⚠ Multiple root labels (ROOT, nsubj, aux, npadvmod, prep) found in
training data. spaCy's parser uses a single root label ROOT so this distinction
will not be available.

================================== Summary ==================================
✔ 5 checks passed
⚠ 8 warnings

Name	Description
config_path	Path to training config file containing all settings and hyperparameters. Path (positional)
--code, -c	Path to Python file with additional code to be imported. Allows registering custom functions for new architectures. Optional[Path] (option)
--ignore-warnings, -IW	Ignore warnings, only show stats and errors. bool (flag)
--verbose, -V	Print additional information and explanations. bool (flag)
--no-format, -NF	Don't pretty-print the results. Use this if you want to write to a file. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
overrides	Config parameters to override. Should be options starting with -- that correspond to the config section and value to override, e.g. --paths.train ./train.spacy. Any (option/flag)
PRINTS	Debugging information.

debug profile

Profile which functions take the most time in a spaCy pipeline. Input should be formatted as one JSON object per line with a key "text". It can either be provided as a JSONL file, or be read from sys.sytdin. If no input file is specified, the IMDB dataset is loaded via ml_datasets.

The profile command is now available as a subcommand of spacy debug.

$ python -m spacy debug profile [model] [inputs] [--n-texts]

Name	Description
model	A loadable spaCy pipeline (package name or path). str (positional)
inputs	Optional path to input file, or - for standard input. Path (positional)
--n-texts, -n	Maximum number of texts to use if available. Defaults to 10000. int (option)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
PRINTS	Profiling information for the pipeline.

debug model

Debug a Thinc Model by running it on a sample text and checking how it updates its internal weights and parameters.

$ python -m spacy debug model [config_path] [component] [--layers] [-DIM] [-PAR] [-GRAD] [-ATTR] [-P0] [-P1] [-P2] [P3] [--gpu-id]

In this example log, we just print the name of each layer after creation of the model ("Step 0"), which helps us to understand the internal structure of the Neural Network, and to focus on specific layers that we want to inspect further (see next example).

$ python -m spacy debug model ./config.cfg tagger -P0

ℹ Using CPU
ℹ Fixing random seed: 0
ℹ Analysing model with ID 62

========================== STEP 0 - before training ==========================
ℹ Layer 0: model ID 62:
'extract_features>>list2ragged>>with_array-ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed>>with_array-maxout>>layernorm>>dropout>>ragged2list>>with_array-residual>>residual>>residual>>residual>>with_array-softmax'
ℹ Layer 1: model ID 59:
'extract_features>>list2ragged>>with_array-ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed>>with_array-maxout>>layernorm>>dropout>>ragged2list>>with_array-residual>>residual>>residual>>residual'
ℹ Layer 2: model ID 61: 'with_array-softmax'
ℹ Layer 3: model ID 24:
'extract_features>>list2ragged>>with_array-ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed>>with_array-maxout>>layernorm>>dropout>>ragged2list'
ℹ Layer 4: model ID 58: 'with_array-residual>>residual>>residual>>residual'
ℹ Layer 5: model ID 60: 'softmax'
ℹ Layer 6: model ID 13: 'extract_features'
ℹ Layer 7: model ID 14: 'list2ragged'
ℹ Layer 8: model ID 16:
'with_array-ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed'
ℹ Layer 9: model ID 22: 'with_array-maxout>>layernorm>>dropout'
ℹ Layer 10: model ID 23: 'ragged2list'
ℹ Layer 11: model ID 57: 'residual>>residual>>residual>>residual'
ℹ Layer 12: model ID 15:
'ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed|ints-getitem>>hashembed'
ℹ Layer 13: model ID 21: 'maxout>>layernorm>>dropout'
ℹ Layer 14: model ID 32: 'residual'
ℹ Layer 15: model ID 40: 'residual'
ℹ Layer 16: model ID 48: 'residual'
ℹ Layer 17: model ID 56: 'residual'
ℹ Layer 18: model ID 3: 'ints-getitem>>hashembed'
ℹ Layer 19: model ID 6: 'ints-getitem>>hashembed'
ℹ Layer 20: model ID 9: 'ints-getitem>>hashembed'
...

In this example log, we see how initialization of the model (Step 1) propagates the correct values for the nI (input) and nO (output) dimensions of the various layers. In the softmax layer, this step also defines the W matrix as an all-zero matrix determined by the nO and nI dimensions. After a first training step (Step 2), this matrix has clearly updated its values through the training feedback loop.

$ python -m spacy debug model ./config.cfg tagger -l "5,15" -DIM -PAR -P0 -P1 -P2

ℹ Using CPU
ℹ Fixing random seed: 0
ℹ Analysing model with ID 62

========================= STEP 0 - before training =========================
ℹ Layer 5: model ID 60: 'softmax'
ℹ  - dim nO: None
ℹ  - dim nI: 96
ℹ  - param W: None
ℹ  - param b: None
ℹ Layer 15: model ID 40: 'residual'
ℹ  - dim nO: None
ℹ  - dim nI: None

======================= STEP 1 - after initialization =======================
ℹ Layer 5: model ID 60: 'softmax'
ℹ  - dim nO: 4
ℹ  - dim nI: 96
ℹ  - param W: (4, 96) - sample: [0. 0. 0. 0. 0.]
ℹ  - param b: (4,) - sample: [0. 0. 0. 0.]
ℹ Layer 15: model ID 40: 'residual'
ℹ  - dim nO: 96
ℹ  - dim nI: None

========================== STEP 2 - after training ==========================
ℹ Layer 5: model ID 60: 'softmax'
ℹ  - dim nO: 4
ℹ  - dim nI: 96
ℹ  - param W: (4, 96) - sample: [ 0.00283958 -0.00294119  0.00268396 -0.00296219
-0.00297141]
ℹ  - param b: (4,) - sample: [0.00300002 0.00300002 0.00300002 0.00300002]
ℹ Layer 15: model ID 40: 'residual'
ℹ  - dim nO: 96
ℹ  - dim nI: None

Name	Description
config_path	Path to training config file containing all settings and hyperparameters. Path (positional)
component	Name of the pipeline component of which the model should be analyzed. str (positional)
--layers, -l	Comma-separated names of layer IDs to print. str (option)
--dimensions, -DIM	Show dimensions of each layer. bool (flag)
--parameters, -PAR	Show parameters of each layer. bool (flag)
--gradients, -GRAD	Show gradients of each layer. bool (flag)
--attributes, -ATTR	Show attributes of each layer. bool (flag)
--print-step0, -P0	Print model before training. bool (flag)
--print-step1, -P1	Print model after initialization. bool (flag)
--print-step2, -P2	Print model after training. bool (flag)
--print-step3, -P3	Print final predictions. bool (flag)
--gpu-id, -g	GPU ID or -1 for CPU. Defaults to -1. int (option)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
PRINTS	Debugging information.

train

Train a pipeline. Expects data in spaCy's binary format and a config file with all settings and hyperparameters. Will save out the best model from all epochs, as well as the final pipeline. The --code argument can be used to provide a Python file that's imported before the training process starts. This lets you register custom functions and architectures and refer to them in your config, all while still using spaCy's built-in train workflow. If you need to manage complex multi-step training workflows, check out the new spaCy projects.

The train command doesn't take a long list of command-line arguments anymore and instead expects a single config.cfg file containing all settings for the pipeline, training process and hyperparameters. Config values can be overwritten on the CLI if needed. For example, --paths.train ./train.spacy sets the variable train in the section [paths].

$ python -m spacy train [config_path] [--output] [--code] [--verbose] [--gpu-id] [overrides]

Name	Description
config_path	Path to training config file containing all settings and hyperparameters. Path (positional)
--output, -o	Directory to store trained pipeline in. Will be created if it doesn't exist. Optional[Path] (positional)
--code, -c	Path to Python file with additional code to be imported. Allows registering custom functions for new architectures. Optional[Path] (option)
--verbose, -V	Show more detailed messages during training. bool (flag)
--gpu-id, -g	GPU ID or -1 for CPU. Defaults to -1. int (option)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
overrides	Config parameters to override. Should be options starting with -- that correspond to the config section and value to override, e.g. --paths.train ./train.spacy. Any (option/flag)
CREATES	The final trained pipeline and the best trained pipeline.

pretrain

Pretrain the "token to vector" (Tok2vec) layer of pipeline components on raw text, using an approximate language-modeling objective. Specifically, we load pretrained vectors, and train a component like a CNN, BiLSTM, etc to predict vectors which match the pretrained ones. The weights are saved to a directory after each epoch. You can then include a path to one of these pretrained weights files in your training config as the init_tok2vec setting when you train your pipeline. This technique may be especially helpful if you have little labelled data. See the usage docs on pretraining for more info.

As of spaCy v3.0, the pretrain command takes the same config file as the train command. This ensures that settings are consistent between pretraining and training. Settings for pretraining can be defined in the [pretraining] block of the config file and auto-generated by setting --pretraining on init fill-config. Also see the data format for details.

$ python -m spacy pretrain [config_path] [output_dir] [--code] [--resume-path] [--epoch-resume] [--gpu-id] [overrides]

Name	Description
config_path	Path to training config file containing all settings and hyperparameters. Path (positional)
output_dir	Directory to save binary weights to on each epoch. Path (positional)
--code, -c	Path to Python file with additional code to be imported. Allows registering custom functions for new architectures. Optional[Path] (option)
--resume-path, -r	Path to pretrained weights from which to resume pretraining. Optional[Path] (option)
--epoch-resume, -er	The epoch to resume counting from when using --resume-path. Prevents unintended overwriting of existing weight files. Optional[int] (option)
--gpu-id, -g	GPU ID or -1 for CPU. Defaults to -1. int (option)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
overrides	Config parameters to override. Should be options starting with -- that correspond to the config section and value to override, e.g. --training.dropout 0.2. Any (option/flag)
CREATES	The pretrained weights that can be used to initialize spacy train.

evaluate

Evaluate a trained pipeline. Expects a loadable spaCy pipeline (package name or path) and evaluation data in the binary .spacy format. The --gold-preproc option sets up the evaluation examples with gold-standard sentences and tokens for the predictions. Gold preprocessing helps the annotations align to the tokenization, and may result in sequences of more consistent length. However, it may reduce runtime accuracy due to train/test skew. To render a sample of dependency parses in a HTML file using the displaCy visualizations, set as output directory as the --displacy-path argument.

$ python -m spacy evaluate [model] [data_path] [--output] [--gold-preproc] [--gpu-id] [--displacy-path] [--displacy-limit]

Name	Description
model	Pipeline to evaluate. Can be a package or a path to a data directory. str (positional)
data_path	Location of evaluation data in spaCy's binary format. Path (positional)
--output, -o	Output JSON file for metrics. If not set, no metrics will be exported. Optional[Path] (option)
--code-path, -c	Path to Python file with additional code to be imported. Allows registering custom functions for new architectures. Optional[Path] (option)
--gold-preproc, -G	Use gold preprocessing. bool (flag)
--gpu-id, -g	GPU to use, if any. Defaults to -1 for CPU. int (option)
--displacy-path, -dp	Directory to output rendered parses as HTML. If not set, no visualizations will be generated. Optional[Path] (option)
--displacy-limit, -dl	Number of parses to generate per file. Defaults to 25. Keep in mind that a significantly higher number might cause the .html files to render slowly. int (option)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
CREATES	Training results and optional metrics and visualizations.

package

Generate an installable Python package from an existing pipeline data directory. All data files are copied over. If the path to a meta.json is supplied, or a meta.json is found in the input directory, this file is used. Otherwise, the data can be entered directly from the command line. spaCy will then create a .tar.gz archive file that you can distribute and install with pip install.

The spacy package command now also builds the .tar.gz archive automatically, so you don't have to run python setup.py sdist separately anymore. To disable this, you can set the --no-sdist flag.

$ python -m spacy package [input_dir] [output_dir] [--meta-path] [--create-meta] [--no-sdist] [--name] [--version] [--force]

Example

$ python -m spacy package /input /output
$ cd /output/en_pipeline-0.0.0
$ pip install dist/en_pipeline-0.0.0.tar.gz

Name	Description
input_dir	Path to directory containing pipeline data. Path (positional)
output_dir	Directory to create package folder in. Path (positional)
--meta-path, -m 2	Path to meta.json file (optional). Optional[Path] (option)
--create-meta, -C 2	Create a meta.json file on the command line, even if one already exists in the directory. If an existing file is found, its entries will be shown as the defaults in the command line prompt. bool (flag)
--no-sdist, -NS,	Don't build the .tar.gz sdist automatically. Can be set if you want to run this step manually. bool (flag)
--name, -n 3	Package name to override in meta. Optional[str] (option)
--version, -v 3	Package version to override in meta. Useful when training new versions, as it doesn't require editing the meta template. Optional[str] (option)
--force, -f	Force overwriting of existing folder in output directory. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
CREATES	A Python package containing the spaCy pipeline.

project

The spacy project CLI includes subcommands for working with spaCy projects, end-to-end workflows for building and deploying custom spaCy pipelines.

project clone

Clone a project template from a Git repository. Calls into git under the hood and can use the sparse checkout feature if available, so you're only downloading what you need. By default, spaCy's project templates repo is used, but you can provide any other repo (public or private) that you have access to using the --repo option.

$ python -m spacy project clone [name] [dest] [--repo] [--branch] [--sparse]

Example

$ python -m spacy project clone pipelines/ner_wikiner

Clone from custom repo:

$ python -m spacy project clone template --repo https://github.com/your_org/your_repo

Name	Description
name	The name of the template to clone, relative to the repo. Can be a top-level directory or a subdirectory like dir/template. str (positional)
dest	Where to clone the project. Defaults to current working directory. Path (positional)
--repo, -r	The repository to clone from. Can be any public or private Git repo you have access to. str (option)
--branch, -b	The branch to clone from. Defaults to master. str (option)
--sparse, -S	Enable sparse checkout to only check out and download what's needed. Requires Git v22.2+. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
CREATES	The cloned project directory.

project assets

Fetch project assets like datasets and pretrained weights. Assets are defined in the assets section of the project.yml. If a checksum is provided, the file is only downloaded if no local file with the same checksum exists and spaCy will show an error if the checksum of the downloaded file doesn't match. If assets don't specify a url they're considered "private" and you have to take care of putting them into the destination directory yourself. If a local path is provided, the asset is copied into the current project.

$ python -m spacy project assets [project_dir]

Example

$ python -m spacy project assets [--sparse]

Name	Description
project_dir	Path to project directory. Defaults to current working directory. Path (positional)
--sparse, -S	Enable sparse checkout to only check out and download what's needed. Requires Git v22.2+. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
CREATES	Downloaded or copied assets defined in the project.yml.

project run

Run a named command or workflow defined in the project.yml. If a workflow name is specified, all commands in the workflow are run, in order. If commands define dependencies or outputs, they will only be re-run if state has changed. For example, if the input dataset changes, a preprocessing command that depends on those files will be re-run.

$ python -m spacy project run [subcommand] [project_dir] [--force] [--dry]

Example

$ python -m spacy project run train

Name	Description
subcommand	Name of the command or workflow to run. str (positional)
project_dir	Path to project directory. Defaults to current working directory. Path (positional)
--force, -F	Force re-running steps, even if nothing changed. bool (flag)
--dry, -D	Perform a dry run and don't execute scripts. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
EXECUTES	The command defined in the project.yml.

project push

Upload all available files or directories listed as in the outputs section of commands to a remote storage. Outputs are archived and compressed prior to upload, and addressed in the remote storage using the output's relative path (URL encoded), a hash of its command string and dependencies, and a hash of its file contents. This means push should never overwrite a file in your remote. If all the hashes match, the contents are the same and nothing happens. If the contents are different, the new version of the file is uploaded. Deleting obsolete files is left up to you.

Remotes can be defined in the remotes section of the project.yml. Under the hood, spaCy uses the smart-open library to communicate with the remote storages, so you can use any protocol that smart-open supports, including S3, Google Cloud Storage, SSH and more, although you may need to install extra dependencies to use certain protocols.

$ python -m spacy project push [remote] [project_dir]

Example

$ python -m spacy project push my_bucket

### project.yml
remotes:
  my_bucket: 's3://my-spacy-bucket'

Name	Description
remote	The name of the remote to upload to. Defaults to "default". str (positional)
project_dir	Path to project directory. Defaults to current working directory. Path (positional)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
UPLOADS	All project outputs that exist and are not already stored in the remote.

project pull

Download all files or directories listed as outputs for commands, unless they are not already present locally. When searching for files in the remote, pull won't just look at the output path, but will also consider the command string and the hashes of the dependencies. For instance, let's say you've previously pushed a checkpoint to the remote, but now you've changed some hyper-parameters. Because you've changed the inputs to the command, if you run pull, you won't retrieve the stale result. If you train your pipeline and push the outputs to the remote, the outputs will be saved alongside the prior outputs, so if you change the config back, you'll be able to fetch back the result.

Remotes can be defined in the remotes section of the project.yml. Under the hood, spaCy uses the smart-open library to communicate with the remote storages, so you can use any protocol that smart-open supports, including S3, Google Cloud Storage, SSH and more, although you may need to install extra dependencies to use certain protocols.

$ python -m spacy project pull [remote] [project_dir]

Example

$ python -m spacy project pull my_bucket

### project.yml
remotes:
  my_bucket: 's3://my-spacy-bucket'

Name	Description
remote	The name of the remote to download from. Defaults to "default". str (positional)
project_dir	Path to project directory. Defaults to current working directory. Path (positional)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
DOWNLOADS	All project outputs that do not exist locally and can be found in the remote.

project document

Auto-generate a pretty Markdown-formatted README for your project, based on its project.yml. Will create sections that document the available commands, workflows and assets. The auto-generated content will be placed between two hidden markers, so you can add your own custom content before or after the auto-generated documentation. When you re-run the project document command, only the auto-generated part is replaced.

$ python -m spacy project document [project_dir] [--output] [--no-emoji]

Example

$ python -m spacy project document --output README.md

For more examples, see the templates in our projects repo.

Name	Description
project_dir	Path to project directory. Defaults to current working directory. Path (positional)
--output, -o	Path to output file or - for stdout (default). If a file is specified and it already exists and contains auto-generated docs, only the auto-generated docs section is replaced. Path (positional)
--no-emoji, -NE	Don't use emoji in the titles. bool (flag)
CREATES	The Markdown-formatted project documentation.

project dvc

Auto-generate Data Version Control (DVC) config file. Calls dvc run with --no-exec under the hood to generate the dvc.yaml. A DVC project can only define one pipeline, so you need to specify one workflow defined in the project.yml. If no workflow is specified, the first defined workflow is used. The DVC config will only be updated if the project.yml changed. For details, see the DVC integration docs.

This command requires DVC to be installed and initialized in the project directory, e.g. via dvc init. You'll also need to add the assets you want to track with dvc add.

$ python -m spacy project dvc [project_dir] [workflow] [--force] [--verbose]

Example

$ git init
$ dvc init
$ python -m spacy project dvc all

Name	Description
project_dir	Path to project directory. Defaults to current working directory. Path (positional)
workflow	Name of workflow defined in project.yml. Defaults to first workflow if not set. Optional[str] (positional)
--force, -F	Force-updating config file. bool (flag)
--verbose, -V	Print more output generated by DVC. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
CREATES	A dvc.yaml file in the project directory, based on the steps defined in the given workflow.

ray

The spacy ray CLI includes commands for parallel and distributed computing via Ray.

To use this command, you need the spacy-ray package installed. Installing the package will automatically add the ray command to the spaCy CLI.

ray train

Train a spaCy pipeline using Ray for parallel training. The command works just like spacy train. For more details and examples, see the usage guide on parallel training and the spaCy project integration.

$ python -m spacy ray train [config_path] [--code] [--output] [--n-workers] [--address] [--gpu-id] [--verbose] [overrides]

Example

$ python -m spacy ray train config.cfg --n-workers 2

Name	Description
config_path	Path to training config file containing all settings and hyperparameters. Path (positional)
--code, -c	Path to Python file with additional code to be imported. Allows registering custom functions for new architectures. Optional[Path] (option)
--output, -o	Directory or remote storage URL for saving trained pipeline. The directory will be created if it doesn't exist. Optional[Path] (positional)
--n-workers, -n	The number of workers. Defaults to 1. int (option)
--address, -a	Optional address of the Ray cluster. If not set (default), Ray will run locally. Optional[str] (option)
--gpu-id, -g	GPU ID or -1 for CPU. Defaults to -1. int (option)
--verbose, -V	Display more information for debugging purposes. bool (flag)
--help, -h	Show help message and available arguments. bool (flag)
overrides	Config parameters to override. Should be options starting with -- that correspond to the config section and value to override, e.g. --paths.train ./train.spacy. Any (option/flag)