From the DB-API (https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0249/):
OperationalError
Exception raised for errors that are related to the database's
operation and not necessarily under the control of the programmer,
e.g. an unexpected disconnect occurs, [...]
Additionally, psycopg2 was inconsistent, at least in the async case:
depending on how the "connection closed" error was reported from the
kernel to libpq, it would sometimes raise OperationalError and
sometimes DatabaseError. Now it always raises OperationalError.
There's a race condition that only seems to happen over Unix-domain
sockets. Sometimes, the closed socket is reported by the kernel to
libpq like this (captured with strace):
sendto(3, "Q\0\0\0\34select pg_backend_pid()\0", 29, MSG_NOSIGNAL, NULL, 0) = 29
recvfrom(3, "E\0\0\0mSFATAL\0C57P01\0Mterminating "..., 16384, 0, NULL, NULL) = 110
recvfrom(3, 0x12d0330, 16384, 0, 0, 0) = -1 ECONNRESET (Connection reset by peer)
That is, psycopg2/libpq sees no error when sending the first query
after the connection is closed, but gets an error reading the result.
In that case, everything worked fine.
But sometimes, the error manifests like this:
sendto(3, "Q\0\0\0\34select pg_backend_pid()\0", 29, MSG_NOSIGNAL, NULL, 0) = -1 EPIPE (Broken pipe)
recvfrom(3, "E\0\0\0mSFATAL\0C57P01\0Mterminating "..., 16384, 0, NULL, NULL) = 110
recvfrom(3, "", 16274, 0, NULL, NULL) = 0
recvfrom(3, "", 16274, 0, NULL, NULL) = 0
i.e. libpq received an error when sending the query. This manifests as
a slightly different exception from a slightly different place. More
importantly, in this case connection.closed is left at 0 rather than
being set to 2, and that is the bug I'm fixing here.
Note that we see almost identical behaviour for sync and async
connections, and the fixes are the same. So I added extremely similar
test cases.
Finally, there is still a bug here: for async connections, we
sometimes raise DatabaseError (incorrect) and sometimes raise
OperationalError (correct). Will fix that next.
To support creation of whl files for PyPI, setuptools need to be imported
instead of distutils. Created try/except case to fall back to integrated
distutils if setuptools is not installed.
Suggested by Craig Ringer in pull request #353, should also give more
information for other cases we were reported on flaky servers (AWS,
digital ocean...), see bug #281.
The type 'long' with Windows Visual C is 32bits in size for both 32bit and 64bit platforms. Changed type of variables that could be > 2GB from long to Py_ssize_t.
Multithreaded programs using libcrypto (part of OpenSSL) need to set up
callbacks to ensure safe execution. Both Python and libpq set up those
callbacks, which might lead to a conflict.
To avoid leaving dangling function pointers when being unloaded, libpq sets up
and removes the callbacks every time a SSL connection it opened and closed. If
another Python thread is performing unrelated SSL operations (like connecting
to a HTTPS server), this might lead to deadlocks, as described in
http://www.postgresql.org/message-id/871tlzrlkq.fsf@wulczer.org
Even if the problem will be remediated in libpq, it's still useful to have it
fixed in psycopg2. The solution is to use Python's own libcrypto callbacks and
completely disable handling them in libpq.
