sqlmap/lib/core/common.py

#!/usr/bin/env python

"""
$Id$

This file is part of the sqlmap project, http://sqlmap.sourceforge.net.

Copyright (c) 2006-2008 Bernardo Damele A. G. <bernardo.damele@gmail.com>
                        and Daniele Bellucci <daniele.bellucci@gmail.com>

sqlmap is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under
the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free
Software Foundation version 2 of the License.

sqlmap is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY
WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS
FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for more
details.

You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
with sqlmap; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51
Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
"""



import os
import random
import re
import string
import sys
import time
import urlparse


from lib.core.convert import urldecode
from lib.core.data import conf
from lib.core.data import kb
from lib.core.data import logger
from lib.core.data import temp
from lib.core.exception import sqlmapFilePathException
from lib.core.data import paths
from lib.core.settings import VERSION_STRING


def paramToDict(place, parameters=None):
    """
    Split the parameters into names and values, check if these parameters
    are within the testable parameters and return in a dictionary.

    @param place: where sqlmap has to work, can be GET, POST or Cookie.
    @type place: C{str}

    @param parameters: parameters string in the format for instance
    'p1=v1&p2=v2' (GET and POST) or 'p1=v1;p2=v2' (Cookie).
    @type parameters: C{str}

    @return: the parameters in a dictionary.
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    testableParameters = {}

    if conf.parameters.has_key(place) and not parameters:
        parameters = conf.parameters[place]

    parameters = parameters.replace(", ", ",")

    if place == "Cookie":
        splitParams = parameters.split(";")
    else:
        splitParams = parameters.split("&")

    for element in splitParams:
        elem = element.split("=")

        if len(elem) == 2:
            parameter = elem[0]

            condition  = not conf.testParameter
            condition |= parameter in conf.testParameter

            if condition:
                value = elem[1]
                if value:
                    testableParameters[parameter] = value

    if conf.testParameter and not testableParameters:
        paramStr = ", ".join(test for test in conf.testParameter)

        if len(conf.testParameter) > 1:
            warnMsg  = "the testable parameters '%s' " % paramStr
            warnMsg += "you provided are not into the %s" % place
        else:
            parameter = conf.testParameter[0]

            warnMsg  = "the testable parameter '%s' " % paramStr
            warnMsg += "you provided is not into the %s" % place

        if conf.multipleTargets:
            warnMsg += ", skipping to next url"

        logger.warn(warnMsg)

    elif len(conf.testParameter) != len(testableParameters.keys()):
        for parameter in conf.testParameter:
            if not testableParameters.has_key(parameter):
                warnMsg  =  "the testable parameter '%s' " % parameter
                warnMsg += "you provided is not into the %s" % place
                logger.warn(warnMsg)

    return testableParameters


def formatDBMSfp(versions=None):
    """
    This function format the back-end DBMS fingerprint value and return its
    values formatted as a human readable string.

    @return: detected back-end DBMS based upon fingerprint techniques.
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    if not versions:
        versions = kb.dbmsVersion

    if isinstance(versions, str):
        return "%s %s" % (kb.dbms, versions)
    elif isinstance(versions, (list, set, tuple)):
        return "%s %s" % (kb.dbms, " and ".join([version for version in versions]))


def __formatFingerprintString(values, chain=" or "):
    string = "|".join([v for v in values])
    return string.replace("|", chain)


def formatFingerprint(target, info):
    """
    This function format the back-end operating system fingerprint value
    and return its values formatted as a human readable string.

    Example of info (kb.headersFp) dictionary:

    {
      'distrib': set(['Ubuntu']),
      'type': set(['Linux']),
      'technology': set(['PHP 5.2.6', 'Apache 2.2.9']),
      'release': set(['8.10'])
    }

    Example of info (kb.bannerFp) dictionary:

    {
      'sp': set(['Service Pack 4']),
      'dbmsVersion': '8.00.194',
      'dbmsServicePack': '0',
      'distrib': set(['2000']),
      'dbmsRelease': '2000',
      'type': set(['Windows'])
    }

    @return: detected back-end operating system based upon fingerprint
    techniques.
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    infoStr = ""

    if info and "type" in info:
        infoStr += "%s operating system: %s" % (target, __formatFingerprintString(info["type"]))

        if "distrib" in info:
            infoStr += " %s" % __formatFingerprintString(info["distrib"])

        if "release" in info:
            infoStr += " %s" % __formatFingerprintString(info["release"])

        if "sp" in info:
            infoStr += " %s" % __formatFingerprintString(info["sp"])

        if "codename" in info:
            infoStr += " (%s)" % __formatFingerprintString(info["codename"])

    if "technology" in info:
        infoStr += "\nweb application technology: %s" % __formatFingerprintString(info["technology"], ", ")

    return infoStr


def getHtmlErrorFp():
    """
    This function parses the knowledge base htmlFp list and return its
    values formatted as a human readable string.

    @return: list of possible back-end DBMS based upon error messages
    parsing.
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    htmlParsed = ""

    if not kb.htmlFp:
        return None

    if len(kb.htmlFp) == 1:
        htmlVer = kb.htmlFp[0]
        htmlParsed = htmlVer
    elif len(kb.htmlFp) > 1:
        htmlParsed = " or ".join([htmlFp for htmlFp in kb.htmlFp])

    return htmlParsed


def getDocRoot():
    """
    This method returns the web application document root based on the
    detected absolute files paths in the knowledge base.
    """

    docRoot = None

    if kb.absFilePaths:
        logMsg  = "retrieved the possible injectable "
        logMsg += "file absolute system paths: "
        logMsg += "'%s'" % ", ".join(path for path in kb.absFilePaths)
        logger.info(logMsg)
    else:
        warnMsg  = "unable to retrieve the injectable file "
        warnMsg += "absolute system path"
        logger.warn(warnMsg)

    for absFilePath in kb.absFilePaths:
        if conf.path in absFilePath:
            index = absFilePath.index(conf.path)
            docRoot = absFilePath[:index]
            break

    if docRoot:
        logMsg  = "retrieved the remote web server "
        logMsg += "document root: '%s'" % docRoot
        logger.info(logMsg)
    else:
        warnMsg  = "unable to retrieve the remote web server "
        warnMsg += "document root"
        logger.warn(warnMsg)

    return docRoot


def getDirectories():
    """
    This method calls a function that returns the web application document
    root and injectable file absolute system path.

    @return: a set of paths (document root and absolute system path).
    @rtype: C{set}
    @todo: replace this function with a site crawling functionality.
    """

    directories = set()

    kb.docRoot = getDocRoot()

    if kb.docRoot:
        directories.add(kb.docRoot)

    pagePath = re.search("^/(.*)/", conf.path)

    if kb.docRoot and pagePath:
        pagePath = pagePath.groups()[0]

        directories.add("%s/%s" % (kb.docRoot, pagePath))

    return directories


def filePathToString(filePath):
    string = filePath.replace("/", "_").replace("\\", "_")
    string = string.replace(" ", "_").replace(":", "_")

    return string


def dataToStdout(data):
    sys.stdout.write(data)
    sys.stdout.flush()


def dataToSessionFile(data):
    if not conf.sessionFile:
        return

    conf.sessionFP.write(data)
    conf.sessionFP.flush()


def dataToDumpFile(dumpFile, data):
    dumpFile.write(data)
    dumpFile.flush()


def strToHex(string):
    """
    @param string: string to be converted into its hexadecimal value.
    @type string: C{str}

    @return: the hexadecimal converted string.
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    hexStr = ""

    for character in string:
        if character == "\n":
            character = " "

        hexChar = "%2x" % ord(character)
        hexChar = hexChar.replace(" ", "0")
        hexChar = hexChar.upper()

        hexStr += hexChar

    return hexStr


def fileToStr(fileName):
    """
    @param fileName: file path to read the content and return as a no
    NEWLINE string.
    @type fileName: C{file.open}

    @return: the file content as a string without TAB and NEWLINE.
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    filePointer = open(fileName, "r")
    fileText = filePointer.read()

    fileText = fileText.replace("    ", "")
    fileText = fileText.replace("\t", "")
    fileText = fileText.replace("\r", "")
    fileText = fileText.replace("\n", " ")

    return fileText


def fileToHex(fileName):
    """
    @param fileName: file path to read the content and return as an
    hexadecimal string.
    @type fileName: C{file.open}

    @return: the file content as an hexadecimal string.
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    fileText = fileToStr(fileName)
    hexFile = strToHex(fileText)

    return hexFile


def readInput(message, default=None):
    """
    @param message: message to display on terminal.
    @type message: C{str}

    @return: a string read from keyboard as input.
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    if conf.batch and default:
        infoMsg = "%s%s" % (message, str(default))
        logger.info(infoMsg)

        debugMsg = "used the default behaviour, running in batch mode"
        logger.debug(debugMsg)

        data = default
    else:
        data = raw_input("[%s] [INPUT] %s" % (time.strftime("%X"), message))

    return data


def randomRange(start=0, stop=1000):
    """
    @param start: starting number.
    @type start: C{int}

    @param stop: last number.
    @type stop: C{int}

    @return: a random number within the range.
    @rtype: C{int}
    """

    return int(random.randint(start, stop))


def randomInt(length=4):
    """
    @param length: length of the random string.
    @type length: C{int}

    @return: a random string of digits.
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    return int("".join([random.choice(string.digits) for _ in xrange(0, length)]))


def randomStr(length=5):
    """
    @param length: length of the random string.
    @type length: C{int}

    @return: a random string of characters.
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    return "".join([random.choice(string.letters) for _ in xrange(0, length)])


def sanitizeStr(string):
    """
    @param string: string to sanitize: cast to str datatype and replace
    newlines with one space and strip carriage returns.
    @type string: C{str}

    @return: sanitized string
    @rtype: C{str}
    """

    cleanString = str(string)
    cleanString = cleanString.replace("\n", " ").replace("\r", "")

    return cleanString


def checkFile(filename):
    """
    @param filename: filename to check if it exists.
    @type filename: C{str}
    """

    if not os.path.exists(filename):
        raise sqlmapFilePathException, "unable to read file '%s'" % filename


def replaceNewlineTabs(string):
    replacedString = string.replace("\n", "__NEWLINE__").replace("\t", "__TAB__")
    replacedString = replacedString.replace(temp.delimiter, "__DEL__")

    return replacedString


def banner():
    """
    This function prints sqlmap banner with its version
    """

    print """
    %s coded by Bernardo Damele A. G. <bernardo.damele@gmail.com>
                        and Daniele Bellucci <daniele.bellucci@gmail.com>
    """ % VERSION_STRING


def parsePasswordHash(password):
    blank = " " * 8

    if not password or password == " ":
        password = "NULL"

    if kb.dbms == "Microsoft SQL Server" and password != "NULL":
        hexPassword = password
        password  = "%s\n" % hexPassword
        password += "%sheader: %s\n" % (blank, hexPassword[:6])
        password += "%ssalt: %s\n" % (blank, hexPassword[6:14])
        password += "%smixedcase: %s\n" % (blank, hexPassword[14:54])

        if kb.dbmsVersion[0] not in ( "2005", "2008" ):
            password += "%suppercase: %s" % (blank, hexPassword[54:])

    return password


def cleanQuery(query):
    upperQuery = query.replace("select ", "SELECT ")
    upperQuery = upperQuery.replace(" from ", " FROM ")
    upperQuery = upperQuery.replace(" limit ", " LIMIT ")
    upperQuery = upperQuery.replace(" offset ", " OFFSET ")
    upperQuery = upperQuery.replace(" order by ", " ORDER BY ")
    upperQuery = upperQuery.replace(" group by ", " GROUP BY ")
    upperQuery = upperQuery.replace(" union all ", " UNION ALL ")

    return upperQuery


def setPaths():
    # sqlmap paths
    paths.SQLMAP_SHELL_PATH      = "%s/shell" % paths.SQLMAP_ROOT_PATH
    paths.SQLMAP_TXT_PATH        = "%s/txt" % paths.SQLMAP_ROOT_PATH
    paths.SQLMAP_XML_PATH        = "%s/xml" % paths.SQLMAP_ROOT_PATH
    paths.SQLMAP_XML_BANNER_PATH = "%s/banner" % paths.SQLMAP_XML_PATH
    paths.SQLMAP_OUTPUT_PATH     = "%s/output" % paths.SQLMAP_ROOT_PATH
    paths.SQLMAP_DUMP_PATH       = paths.SQLMAP_OUTPUT_PATH + "/%s/dump"
    paths.SQLMAP_FILES_PATH      = paths.SQLMAP_OUTPUT_PATH + "/%s/files"

    # sqlmap files
    paths.SQLMAP_HISTORY         = "%s/.sqlmap_history" % paths.SQLMAP_ROOT_PATH
    paths.SQLMAP_CONFIG          = "%s/sqlmap-%s.conf" % (paths.SQLMAP_ROOT_PATH, randomStr())
    paths.FUZZ_VECTORS           = "%s/fuzz_vectors.txt" % paths.SQLMAP_TXT_PATH
    paths.ERRORS_XML             = "%s/errors.xml" % paths.SQLMAP_XML_PATH
    paths.QUERIES_XML            = "%s/queries.xml" % paths.SQLMAP_XML_PATH
    paths.GENERIC_XML            = "%s/generic.xml" % paths.SQLMAP_XML_BANNER_PATH
    paths.MSSQL_XML              = "%s/mssql.xml" % paths.SQLMAP_XML_BANNER_PATH
    paths.MYSQL_XML              = "%s/mysql.xml" % paths.SQLMAP_XML_BANNER_PATH
    paths.ORACLE_XML             = "%s/oracle.xml" % paths.SQLMAP_XML_BANNER_PATH
    paths.PGSQL_XML              = "%s/postgresql.xml" % paths.SQLMAP_XML_BANNER_PATH


def weAreFrozen():
    """
    Returns whether we are frozen via py2exe.
    This will affect how we find out where we are located.
    Reference: http://www.py2exe.org/index.cgi/WhereAmI
    """

    return hasattr(sys, "frozen")


def parseTargetUrl():
    """
    Parse target url and set some attributes into the configuration
    singleton.
    """

    if not conf.url:
        return

    if not re.search("^http[s]*://", conf.url):
        if ":443/" in conf.url:
            conf.url = "https://" + conf.url
        else:
            conf.url = "http://" + conf.url

    __urlSplit     = urlparse.urlsplit(conf.url)
    __hostnamePort = __urlSplit[1].split(":")

    conf.scheme    = __urlSplit[0]
    conf.path      = __urlSplit[2]
    conf.hostname  = __hostnamePort[0]

    if len(__hostnamePort) == 2:
        conf.port = int(__hostnamePort[1])
    elif conf.scheme == "https":
        conf.port = 443
    else:
        conf.port = 80

    if __urlSplit[3]:
        conf.parameters["GET"] = urldecode(__urlSplit[3]).replace("%", "%%")

    conf.url = "%s://%s:%d%s" % (conf.scheme, conf.hostname, conf.port, conf.path)


def expandAsteriskForColumns(expression):
    # If the user provided an asterisk rather than the column(s)
    # name, sqlmap will retrieve the columns itself and reprocess
    # the SQL query string (expression)
    asterisk = re.search("^SELECT\s+\*\s+FROM\s+([\w\.\_]+)\s*", expression, re.I)

    if asterisk:
        infoMsg  = "you did not provide the fields in your query. "
        infoMsg += "sqlmap will retrieve the column names itself"
        logger.info(infoMsg)

        dbTbl = asterisk.group(1)

        if dbTbl and "." in dbTbl:
            conf.db, conf.tbl = dbTbl.split(".")
        else:
            conf.tbl = dbTbl

        columnsDict = conf.dbmsHandler.getColumns(onlyColNames=True)

        if columnsDict and conf.db in columnsDict and conf.tbl in columnsDict[conf.db]:
            columns = columnsDict[conf.db][conf.tbl].keys()
            columns.sort()
            columnsStr = ", ".join([column for column in columns])
            expression = expression.replace("*", columnsStr, 1)

            infoMsg  = "the query with column names is: "
            infoMsg += "%s" % expression
            logger.info(infoMsg)

    return expression


def getRange(count, dump=False):
    count      = int(count)
    indexRange = None
    limitStart = 1
    limitStop  = count

    if dump:
        if isinstance(conf.limitStop, int) and conf.limitStop > 0 and conf.limitStop < limitStop:
            limitStop = conf.limitStop

        if isinstance(conf.limitStart, int) and conf.limitStart > 0 and conf.limitStart <= limitStop:
            limitStart = conf.limitStart

    # TODO: also for Microsoft SQL Server in getColumns method?
    if kb.dbms == "Oracle":
        indexRange = range(limitStart, limitStop + 1)
    else:
        indexRange = range(limitStart - 1, limitStop)

    return indexRange