Add official support for the `DependencyMatcher`. Redesign the pattern
specification. Fix and extend operator implementations. Update API docs
and add usage docs.
Patterns
--------
Refactor pattern structure to:
```
{
"LEFT_ID": str,
"REL_OP": str,
"RIGHT_ID": str,
"RIGHT_ATTRS": dict,
}
```
The first node contains only `RIGHT_ID` and `RIGHT_ATTRS` and all
subsequent nodes contain all four keys.
New operators
-------------
Because of the way patterns are constructed from left to right, it's
helpful to have `follows` operators along with `precedes` operators. Add
operators for simple precedes / follows alongside immediate precedes /
follows.
* `.*`: precedes
* `;`: immediately follows
* `;*`: follows
Operator fixes
--------------
* `<` and `<<` do not include the node itself
* Fix reversed order for all operators involving linear precedence (`.`,
all sibling operators)
* Linear precedence operators do not match nodes outside the same parse
Additional fixes
----------------
* Use v3 Matcher API
* Support `get` and `remove`
* Support pickling
* Add a warning when a subpattern is not processed and discarded
* Normalize subpattern attribute/operator keys to upper case like
top-level attributes
* add "greedy" option for match pattern
* distinction between greedy FIRST or LONGEST
* check for proper values, throw custom warning otherwise
* unxfail one more test
* add comment in docstring
* add test that LONGEST also prefers first match if equal length
* use c arrays for more efficient processing
* rename 'greediness' to 'greedy'
* Matcher support for Span, as well as Doc #5056
* Removes an import unused
* Signed contributors agreement
* Code optimization and better test
* Add error message for bad Matcher call argument
* Fix merging
* Implement new API for {Phrase}Matcher.add (backwards-compatible)
* Update docs
* Also update DependencyMatcher.add
* Update internals
* Rewrite tests to use new API
* Add basic check for common mistake
Raise error with suggestion if user likely passed in a pattern instead of a list of patterns
* Fix typo [ci skip]
* raise specific error when removing a matcher rule that doesn't exist
* rephrasing
* goldparse init: allocate fields only if doc is not empty
* avoid zero length alloc in saving tokenizer cache
* avoid allocating zero length mem in matcher
* asserts to avoid allocating zero length mem
* fix zero-length allocation in matcher
* bump cymem version
* revert cymem version bump
* Replace MatchStruct with Entity
Replace MatchStruct with Entity since the existing Entity struct is
nearly identical.
* Replace Entity with more general SpanC
* Add missing int value option to top-level pattern validation in Matcher
* Adjust existing tests accordingly
* Add new test for valid pattern `{"LENGTH": int}`
* raise specific error when removing a matcher rule that doesn't exist
* rephrasing
* ensure attrs is NULL when nr_attr == 0 + several fixes to prevent OOB
This is basically stabbing blindly at the ghost match problem, but it at
least seems like there was a bug previously here --- so this should
hopefully be an improvement, even if it doesn't fix the ghost match
problem.
